Construction Loans in Florida: Buy the Land, Build the Home, One Loan

Construction loans in Florida: construction-to-permanent financing with one closing and draws paid as you build. Mortgage Broker Douglas Wilkerson explains down payments, draw schedules, builder approval & how to qualify.

What Is a Construction Loan?

A construction loan finances building a home — the lot purchase and the construction costs — and then converts into a normal permanent mortgage when the home is finished. The most common structure is construction-to-permanent (also called a one-time close): you close once, the lender funds the build in staged draws, and when construction is complete the loan rolls into your regular mortgage with no second closing.

In plain English: instead of paying cash for construction and then scrambling for a mortgage at the end, one loan covers the whole journey — land, build, and the permanent mortgage after.

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One-Time Close vs. Two-Time Close

FeatureOne-Time Close (Construction-to-Permanent)Two-Time Close
ClosingsOne — rate locked upfrontTwo — construction loan, then separate permanent mortgage
Rate riskRate set at the startExposed to rate changes during the build
Closing costsPaid oncePaid twice
FlexibilityLess — terms fixed at closingMore — shop the permanent loan later
AvailabilityFewer lenders offer itMore widely available

Most borrowers prefer the one-time close for the locked rate and single set of closing costs — but fewer lenders offer it, which is exactly why a broker with roughly 200 lending partners matters here. If a bank doesn’t do construction-to-permanent, that’s the bank’s limitation, not yours.

How Draws Work: Your Money, Released in Stages

You don’t get the construction funds all at once. The lender releases money in draws — typically 4 to 7 of them — tied to completed milestones:

  1. Closing/foundation — lot payoff and site work, foundation poured.
  2. Framing — structure up, roof on (often called “dried in”).
  3. Rough-ins — plumbing, electrical, and HVAC installed.
  4. Drywall and interiors — walls finished, cabinets and fixtures going in.
  5. Final — certificate of occupancy issued, punch list complete.

Before each draw, an inspector verifies the work is actually done — the lender only funds completed work. During construction you typically pay interest only on the amount drawn, so early payments are small and grow as the build progresses. A 5% contingency reserve is standard in the budget for overruns — because overruns happen.

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What It Takes to Qualify

  • Credit: 680+ is the typical floor for one-time-close construction; 720+ gets the best terms. (VA and FHA construction programs have their own lower thresholds — see below.)
  • Down payment: 20–25% of the total project cost (land + construction) is standard. Already own the lot free and clear? Its appraised value usually counts as your down payment — that alone qualifies many borrowers.
  • Reserves: Expect 6+ months of payments in liquid assets after closing — lenders want a cushion against construction surprises.
  • Debt-to-income: 43–45% max at most construction lenders.
  • Approved builder: The lender vets your builder — license, insurance, references, financials, and track record. Production builders in St. Johns County sail through; an unlicensed buddy does not.
  • Plans, specs, and budget: Full construction plans, a line-item budget, and the builder’s contract. The appraisal is done subject to completion — valuing the finished home from plans.

Construction lending is paperwork-heavy by nature. Having the builder package organized before you apply saves weeks.

Land Scenarios: The Three Ways Builds Start

1. You already own the lot. The best position. The lot’s appraised value counts toward your down payment — own a $120,000 lot on a $500,000 total project and you may already meet a 20% requirement before writing a check.

2. You’re buying the lot now. The construction-to-permanent loan can include the lot purchase in the same closing — one transaction, land and build together.

3. Builder-owned lot. Many Northeast Florida builders (especially in St. Johns and Nassau County growth corridors) sell lot-plus-home packages. The construction loan is structured around the builder’s contract price.

Already have a lot loan? It gets paid off at the construction closing and rolled into the new loan.

VA and FHA Construction: What Veterans and Low-Down-Payment Buyers Should Know

VA construction loans technically exist — the VA program allows them, with 0% down and no monthly MI like any VA loan. The catch: very few lenders actually offer them. This is a program where a broker’s lender network is the entire ballgame. Eligible veterans and active-duty buyers should absolutely ask — building with 0% down is a massive advantage if the lender exists.

FHA one-time-close construction also exists, with 3.5% down. Same story: limited lender availability, real program. USDA allows new construction in eligible areas too, with its 0%-down structure.

If you assumed construction meant 25% down or nothing, these programs are worth a conversation before you rule yourself out.

What Construction Really Costs in Northeast Florida

During the build: interest-only payments on the drawn balance — small at first, growing as draws fund. You’ll also carry builder’s risk insurance during construction.

At conversion: the loan becomes a standard 30-year (or 15-year) fixed mortgage at the rate you locked. No second closing on a one-time close.

Budget reality: Northeast Florida build costs vary enormously — production-builder homes in St. Johns County vs. custom builds at the Beaches are different universes. Whatever your builder quotes, the lender’s 5% contingency exists because final costs land above the contract more often than below it. Price the contingency in from day one. Considering a fixer-upper instead of a new build? Compare renovation loans first.

Timeline: 6–12 months for most single-family builds; custom homes run longer. Your rate lock and construction period need to cover the realistic timeline, not the optimistic one.

How It Works With Douglas — Step by Step

  1. Start with your numbers. Call (904) 517-4049. Talk through the lot situation, builder, budget, income, and credit — no obligation, no credit pull to have the conversation.
  2. Get the builder package reviewed. Douglas tells you exactly what the lender will need from your builder and flags issues before they cost you weeks.
  3. Get pre-approved for the project. A real approval based on total project cost — land plus construction — so you and your builder are working from real numbers.
  4. Close once. Lot payoff (if any), construction funds set up, rate locked.
  5. Build with draws. Inspections verify each stage; funds release as work completes. Douglas stays on the file through conversion.
  6. Convert and move in. Certificate of occupancy, final draw, and the loan becomes your permanent mortgage.

Construction Loan FAQ — Florida

What credit score do I need for a construction loan?

680+ is the typical floor for conventional one-time-close construction; 720+ earns the best terms. VA construction follows VA’s no-minimum-score rule (lender requirements vary), and FHA one-time-close follows FHA’s 580 tier. The program you use matters as much as the score.

How much down payment does a construction loan require?

Usually 20–25% of the total project cost (land + construction). The big exception: land you already own counts toward it — a free-and-clear lot often covers the requirement by itself. VA construction can go 0% down; FHA one-time-close allows 3.5%.

What’s the difference between a one-time close and a two-time close?

One-time close (construction-to-permanent): a single closing, rate locked upfront, one set of closing costs. Two-time close: a construction loan first, then a separate permanent mortgage later — two closings, two cost sets, and rate risk during the build. Most borrowers prefer one-time close when it’s available.

How do construction draws work?

The lender releases funds in 4–7 stages tied to completed milestones (foundation, framing, rough-ins, interiors, final). An inspector verifies each stage before money is released. You pay interest only on the amount drawn so far, so payments start small and grow as the build progresses.

Does my builder need to be approved by the lender?

Yes. The lender reviews the builder’s license, insurance, references, financials, and track record before approving the loan. Established builders pass easily; unlicensed or brand-new builders usually don’t. Get the builder vetted early — it’s one of the most common delay points.

Can I be my own general contractor?

Almost never on a lender-financed build. Lenders require a licensed, insured, experienced general contractor — owner-builder construction loans are exceptionally rare. If you’re a licensed contractor yourself, some lenders will consider it; ask before assuming.

Can veterans really build with 0% down?

The VA program allows it — VA construction loans carry the same 0%-down, no-monthly-MI structure as VA purchases. The challenge is finding a lender that offers them, since few do. That’s a lender-network problem, and it’s exactly what a broker with roughly 200 lending partners is built to solve. Ask.

What does the appraisal look like on a construction loan?

It’s a “subject to completion” appraisal — the appraiser values the finished home based on your plans, specs, and the builder’s contract, using comparable new-construction sales. The loan is underwritten against that future value, not the empty lot.

What happens if construction costs run over budget?

The 5% contingency built into most construction budgets covers minor overruns. Beyond that, you’d need to bring additional cash — the lender won’t increase the loan mid-build. This is why realistic budgeting (and an honest builder) matters more in construction than in any other loan type.

How long does the construction loan process take?

Approval and closing typically take 45–60 days (longer than a purchase, because of builder vetting and the subject-to-completion appraisal). The build itself runs 6–12 months for most single-family homes. Your rate lock must cover the realistic timeline.

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Douglas Wilkerson — Mortgage Broker, NMLS #1680719

Freeman Douglas Corporation
1548 The Greens Way, Ste. 4, Jacksonville Beach, FL 32250
Direct: (904) 517-4049  ·  Office: (904) 906-8869
Email: [email protected]

Serving Jacksonville, Jacksonville Beach, St. Augustine, Orange Park, Fernandina Beach, and all of Duval, St. Johns, Clay, and Nassau counties — plus borrowers across Florida and additional states where licensed.

Freeman Douglas Corporation is a DBA of Edge Home Finance. This is not a promise to lend — all credit decisions are subject to approval. Douglas Wilkerson, NMLS #1680719 | Edge Home Finance, NMLS #891464. Verify licensing at nmlsconsumeraccess.org. Equal Housing Opportunity.